PD-1 (Fc-Fusion)
PD-1 (Fc-Fusion)
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The extracellular domain of PD-1 (programmed cell death protein 1) contains a single IgV domain. Signaling mediated through (PD-1) can lead to a number of immunological outcomes. These include inhibition of cell death of regulatory T cells, activation of the cell death of the antigen-specific T cells. Combination of these effects can lead to self-tolerance as well as escape of tumors from immune surveillance. The PD-1/PD-L1 axis has been extensively exploited and has made huge impact on cancer therapy. PD-1 Fc fusion proteins (P099F and P099G) interact with PD-L1 (P101F and P101G) and contain the binding epitope for Pembrolizumab (Keytruda) - Merck’s anti-PD-1 antibody.
Interacting protein(s): PD-L1 (P7101F, P7101G), PD-L2 (P7103F, P7103G)
Related products: Checkpoint Proteins
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Quick Spec
| Species: | Human |
| Catalog No.: | P7099F |
| Synonym: | CD279, PDCD1, (programmed cell death 1), hPD-1, hPD-l, PD1, SLEB2 |
| Tag: | mouse IgG2a-Fc |
| GenBank Accession: | NM_005018.2 |
| SwissPro Accession: | Q15116 |
| Construction: | h.PD-1 (N33-T145)-m.IgG-Fc |
| Expression Host: | 293T |
| Mol. Wt. (Calculated): | 39,706 daltons |
| Mol. Wt. (SDS-PAGE): | 42 Kd |
| Abs 0.1% (= 1 mg/ml): | 1.046 |
| Purity: | 95 % |
Description
PD-1 was identified in apoptosis induced cells by subtractive hybridization. Like other CD28, CTLA-4 and ICOS, it is a membrane anchored IgSF family member and like CTLA-4, it contains a single IgV excellular domain and an ITIM (immune receptor tyrosine based inhibition motif)-containing intracellular region. PD-1 lacks the MYPPPY motif that is required for binding of B7-1 and B7-2(CD86), instead it binds to two ligands, PDL1 and PDL2. Also, similar to CTLA-4, engagement of PD-1 with its ligand triggers inhibitory signaling, diminish cell proliferation and cytokine production.
PD-1 deficiency, similar to CTLA-4 deficiency, results in lymphoproliferative disorders including splenomegaly, B cell expansion, with elevated serum antibody levels, lupus glomerulonephritis, arthritis, and autoimmune cardiomyopathy. Thus, after T cell activation, PD-1 and CTLA-4 are upregulated in order to contain the T cell response. Both molecules appears to be critical for maintenance of tolerance, though PD-1 appears to be more important for the peripheral than central tolerance.
On the non-professional antigen presenting parenchymal cells (do not express B7-1 and B7-1), the expression of PD-1 ligands and the B7-H2 (ICOS ligand) underlying the counter-balance nature of the PD-1 and ICOS pathways.
Amino Acid Sequence
References
- Pauken KE, Torchia JA, Chaudhri A, Sharpe AH, Freeman GJ. Emerging concepts in PD-1 checkpoint biology. Semin Immunol. 2021;52:101480. Epub 20210515. doi: 10.1016/j.smim.2021.101480. PubMed PMID: 34006473; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC8545711.
- Ghosh C, Luong G, Sun Y. A snapshot of the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway. J Cancer. 2021;12(9):2735-46. Epub 20210305. doi: 10.7150/jca.57334. PubMed PMID:
- Structure and chromosomal localization of the human PD-1 gene (PDCD1). Shinohara T., Taniwaki M., Ishida Y., Kawaich M., Honjo T. Genomics 23:704-706 (1994)
- The role of the PD-1 pathway in autoimmunity and peripheral tolerance. Fife B.T., Pauken K.E. Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 1217:45-59 (2011)
- Role of the PD-1 pathway in the immune response. Riella L.V., Paterson A.M., Sharpe A.H., Chandraker A. Am. J. Transplant. 12:2575-87 (2012)
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